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Written By: Chloe Wilson, BSc(Hons) Physiotherapy
Reviewed by: KPE Medical Review Board
Pes Anserine Bursitis causes pain on the inner side of the knee, approximately 2-3 cms below the knee joint.
It typically affects athletes especially runners and swimmers due to overuse, or overweight middle aged females due to increased pressure through the bursa.
Pain from pes anserine bursitis usually develops gradually rather than suddenly and tends to get worse with activities such as stair climbing and running.
There are a number of things you can do to aid the healing process and stop the problem from coming back.
Here we will look at the causes, symptoms and treatment options for pes anserine bursitis to help you make a full recovery.
What Is Pes Anserine Bursitis?
Pes Anserine Bursitis is when there is inflammation of the pes anserine bursa, causing medial knee pain.
The pes anserinus is an area on the medial (inner) side of the knee where three muscle tendons attach to the tibia (shin bone).
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Pes anserinus means “goose’s foot” and it gets its name from the webbed-foot shape made by these three tendons where they join together forming one tendon and attach to the shin bone. From front to back they are:
Sartorius: the longest muscle in the body which runs across and down the front of the thigh helping to bend the knee and hip
Gracilis: a hip adductor (draws the leg inwards)
Semitendinosus: one of the three hamstring muscles that work together to bend the knee
Sitting underneath this conjoined tendon is the pes anserine bursa, a small sac filled with fluid. The bursa is there to reduce friction between the tendon and the tibia as the knee moves by providing cushioning and allowing smooth gliding movements of the tendon without any friction.
What Causes Pes Anserine Bursitis?
Repetitive stress or friction over the area results in inflammation of the pes anserine bursa. The bursa produces excessive fluid and thus swells, placing pressure on the surrounding structures. The most common causes of pes anserine bursitis are:
1. Repetitive Stress
Activities where the three muscles are being used repetitively, such as in running (particularly uphill), cycling, swimming (particularly breaststroke), and side-to-side movements can cause friction and pressure on the bursa.
2. Muscle Weakness/Tightness
Weakness and/or tightness in the hip and knee muscles can place increased tension on the pes anserine tendons which damages the tendon itself and increases pressure on the bursa. Tight hamstrings are a common cause of pes anserine bursitis.
3. Poor Training Techniques
Training errors such as sudden increases in distance or intensity, not warming up and inadequate stretching can over stress the area.
4. Other Medical Conditions
Joint inflammation associated with arthritis can cause swelling of the bursa. Studies have shown that approximately 20% of people with knee osteoarthritis suffer from pes anserine bursitis. People with Type 2 Diabetes or Osgood Schlatters are also more likely to develop bursitis.
5. Gender
Pes anserine bursitis is more common in women, due to a wider pelvis and the angle of the knee joint.
6. Altered Biomechanics
Subtle changes to the position of the leg bones and soft tissues, such as flat feet or a turned out foot can place extra pressure on the Pes Anserine region
7. Obesity
More weight goes through the area increasing the pressure on the knee bursa
8. Trauma
A direct injury such as a blow to the pes anserinus area can lead to swelling of the bursa
Pes anserine bursitis is often accompanied by tendonitis where small tears develop in the pes anserine tendon. It is hard to clearly distinguish between the two problems, but the causes, symptoms and treatment are basically the same for both.
Symptoms of Pes Anserine Bursitis
1. Knee Pain
The most common symptom of pes anserine bursitis is pain and tenderness on the inner side of the knee approximately 2-3 inches below the joint.
Symptoms of bursitis tend to build up gradually rather than suddenly. People often complain it hurts more when they exercise or go upstairs, with resisted knee flexion or when they stretch their hamstrings.
2. Knee Swelling
When the pes anserine bursa is inflamed, there will often be some swelling and redness over the area and the inner side of the knee may feel slightly warm to touch.
3. Sleep Disturbance
Sleep is often affected by knee bursitis, particularly if you sleep on your side with your legs together placing pressure on the bursa. You may be woken by pain when you roll over as you bend or straighten the knee.
It can help to sleep with a pillow between your knees to provide some cushioning to the pes anserine bursa.
4. Weakness & Stiffness
Pain from pes anserine bursitis often limits movement so the knee gradually loses strength and range of movement. Stiffness and weakness develop which can then make it more painful to move.
Symptoms may develop suddenly if there has been a direct blow to the knee, but it is worth considering other possibilities such as an MCL sprain if the pain develops suddenly.
Treatment for Pes Anserinus Bursitis
Most cases of knee bursitis are self-limiting. There are a number of things you can help to reduce the pain and inflammation and the main aim is to reduce the pressure on the pes anserine bursa so the healing process can kick in.
Treatment for pes anserine bursitis should address both the symptoms of the problem, e.g. the pain and inflammation, as well as the underlying causes, e.g. muscle tightness or weakness.
1. Rest
With knee bursitis it is really important to avoid activities that cause pain. This may mean modifying your activities or indeed stopping some altogether to allow the swelling to settle down.
2. Regular Ice
Applying an ice pack for 10-15 minutes, every couple of hours, to the inner side of the knee can help to reduce pain and swelling associated with pes anserine bursitis.
There are a number of different ways to apply ice to the knee – see the knee ice wraps section for more information including how to use ice safely and effectively.
3. Medication
Anti-inflammatories such as ibuprofen and painkillers such as paracetamol can help to reduce pain and inflammation with knee bursitis. Always check with your doctor before taking any medication.
4. Stretches
Pes anserine bursitis is often caused by tightness in the hamstrings so performing simple stretching exercises is a really important part of the treatment process to take the pressure off the bursa.
Visit the hamstring stretches section to find out the best ways to effectively stretch the hamstring muscles. It can also help to stretch the surrounding muscles too – visit the knee stretches section to find out more.
5. Strengthening Exercises
Weakness in the hip and knee muscles makes subtle changes to the way the forces go through the knee, so by strengthening the glutes, quads and hamstrings, you can ease the pressure on the pes anserinus bursa – visit the knee strengthening exercises section for loads of great exercises that can help.
6. Physical Therapy
A physical therapist can assess for any areas of weakness and tightness that may be contributing to the problem and work on a rehab programme with you.
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They may also use treatments such as ultrasound and acupuncture to help reduce pain and inflammation with knee bursitis.
7. Knee Injections
Your doctor may recommend a corticosteroid injection to help reduce the pain and inflammation associated with pes anserine bursitis. A knee injection may give instant pain relief but should be used in conjunction with other treatments such as physical therapy and exercises to make sure the problem doesn’t return.
You can find out more about how they work and the risks and benefits in the knee injections section.
8. Surgery
In rare cases, if the pain fails to settle with the above treatments your doctor may advise surgery to remove the pes anserinus bursa. You normally go home the same day and may need to use crutches for the first couple of weeks. It normally takes around three to four weeks to return to your normal activities.
As the pain settles, you can slowly start returning to your normal activities but take care not to push things too much too quickly. Start with non-weight bearing exercises such as cycling or swimming. If you want to return to running, start with short distances alternating between running and walking, gradually building up. A good rule to follow is the 10% rule where you increase your training by a maximum of 10% a week, be that distance or time.
Free train simulator games. Remember, you won’t always notice pain when you are doing an activity, often the pain will come on later that day or the next, so allow yourself adequate rest. If at any point you start noticing the pain again, that is your bodies way of telling you you are overdoing it, so cut back your training until it is pain-free.
It usually takes two to three months for the symptoms of pes anserinus bursitis to completely settle by which time you should be able to return to your usual activities.
What Else Could It Be?
Epson xp 100 printer driver for mac. There are a number of other things that can cause pain similar to pes anserine bursitis, such as an MCL tear, stress fracture, arthritis and cartilage tears. Bursitis can also affect different parts of the knee - see the knee bursitis section to find out more.
If this isn’t sounding quite like your problem, visit the medial knee pain section for help working out what is wrong.
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Page Last Updated: 02/25/20
Next Review Due: 02/25/22
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Pes cavus or high arch is an abnormality of the foot characterized by a very high arch. Even when someone puts full weight on the foot, the area beneath the arch is hollow, and sometimes the high arch can be quite visible, if the patient has severe pes cavus and is standing barefoot or in socks. This abnormality is not necessarily a bad thing. Some people actually benefit from slightly high arches, and others experience no ill effects. In cases where it becomes a problem, there are a number of treatment options available.
Causes of pes cavus can vary. Format thumb drive mac command line. Sometimes it is the result of an underling neurological or neuromuscular condition, or the fault of a congenital abnormality which causes problems with the development of the foot. Sometimes there are orthopedic causes, including badly healed fractures and developmental abnormalities. It can be helpful to determine the cause as this may inform treatment options or determine whether or not the pes cavus should be progressive.
Pes Images Hospital
For many people with slightly high arches, pes cavus does not present a problem. They may find that some shoes are more comfortable than others, and that sometimes arch support is needed to make shoes fit comfortably. For other patients, however, pes cavus can be painful. It can also limit flexibility of the foot, which can be uncomfortable and annoying, especially for people like athletes, who generally want full use of their feet so that they can compete.
If pes cavus is identified as a problem, a doctor may start by recommending supportive footwear and gentle stretching to increase flexibility in the foot and encourage the arch to flatten out. Should these measures prove ineffective, surgery can be performed to flatten the foot. Before surgery can take place, the doctor will usually order medical imaging studies to get a better idea of what is going on in the foot, for the purpose of developing an effective treatment plan.
Pes Images Hd
Patients considering pes cavus surgery should meet with the surgeon to ask about what approach will be used in the operating room, and what the potential risks and complications are. These can vary, depending on the surgery, but can include nerve and muscle damage. Patients may also find it helpful to ask a surgeon about how much prior experience she or he has with the type of procedure being performed, and to inquire about the surgeon's success rate with pes cavus patients.